Skip to Main Content

Environmental soil testing helps consultants, industrial facilities, landowners and project teams investigate suspected contamination, characterize site conditions and support remediation or reclamation decisions.

PBR Laboratories provides environmental soil testing support from Edmonton for projects throughout Alberta, Western Canada and Canada.

Depending on the site history and investigation objective, testing may include:

  • petroleum hydrocarbons;
  • metals;
  • soil chemistry;
  • glycols and alcohols where applicable;
  • environmental microbiology;
  • related groundwater or environmental water testing.

The right testing program depends on the site history, suspected source, contaminant type, sample location, depth and decision the results must support.

What Is Environmental Soil Contamination Testing?

Environmental soil contamination testing measures selected chemical or microbiological parameters in soil where historical or current activities may have affected site conditions.

Testing may support questions such as:

  • Is there evidence of contamination at the sampled location?
  • Which contaminants are present?
  • Are concentrations elevated relative to the applicable criteria?
  • Is the impact likely to be localized or broader?
  • Is additional site delineation needed?
  • Could groundwater or another environmental medium also be affected?
  • What analytical information is needed before remediation or reclamation proceeds?

A laboratory result applies to the submitted sample. It does not by itself define the entire extent of contamination.

When Is Environmental Soil Testing Needed?

Suspected Spill or Release

Testing may be appropriate after suspected or known releases involving fuels, oils, industrial chemicals or other materials.

Historical Site Use

Former industrial, commercial, agricultural or waste-handling activities may create reasons to investigate soil conditions.

Environmental Site Assessment

Soil testing can support environmental investigations where site history suggests potential contamination.

Remediation Planning

Laboratory results may help characterize affected areas before remediation decisions are made.

Reclamation

Testing may support assessment of selected soil conditions during reclamation or restoration work.

Land Development

Environmental soil testing may be appropriate when historical property use creates contamination concerns before or during redevelopment.

What Can PBR Test in Contaminated Soil?

PBR’s current soil service information supports several analytical areas relevant to environmental soil investigations.

Petroleum Hydrocarbons

Petroleum hydrocarbon testing can support investigations involving:

  • fuels;
  • oils;
  • petroleum-related releases;
  • industrial site impacts;
  • contaminated soil characterization.

PBR’s existing Soil Chemical Testing page identifies total petroleum hydrocarbons C6+ among its documented soil capabilities.

Related Service: Petroleum Hydrocarbon Testing in Soil →

Metals

Metals testing may be relevant where industrial history, natural geology or other site conditions create a reason to investigate elemental concentrations.

Results should be interpreted against:

  • project criteria;
  • site history;
  • background conditions;
  • sample location;
  • land-use context.

Related Service: Metals Testing in Soil →

Soil Chemistry

Soil chemistry may include:

  • pH;
  • electrical conductivity;
  • alkalinity;
  • major anions and cations;
  • total organic carbon;
  • sodium adsorption ratio;
  • cation exchange capacity;
  • nutrient-related parameters;
  • other project-specific chemistry.

These measurements can help characterize site conditions and support interpretation of contamination results.

Related Service: Soil Chemistry Testing →

Environmental Microbiology

Depending on the project, microbiological testing may contribute to investigations involving:

  • biodegradation;
  • microbial activity;
  • hydrocarbon-utilizing bacteria;
  • remediation potential;
  • environmental microbial conditions.

PBR’s documented environmental microbiology capabilities include several bacterial groups relevant to soil and environmental investigations.

Related Service: Soil Microbiology Testing →

What Does an Elevated Soil Contaminant Result Mean?

An elevated result means that the laboratory measured a concentration above the comparison value or criterion being used for that specific project.

It does not automatically tell you:

  • where the contamination came from;
  • whether the whole site is affected;
  • how deep the impact extends;
  • whether groundwater is affected;
  • whether remediation is required.

The next step may involve:

reviewing site history → evaluating sample locations → comparing results with criteria → collecting additional samples → assessing other environmental media

This is why contaminated-site testing should be interpreted as part of a broader site investigation rather than as a standalone laboratory number.

Does Detecting a Contaminant Mean the Site Is Contaminated?

Not necessarily.

A detected chemical or metal must be evaluated in context.

Important factors may include:

  • naturally occurring background levels;
  • historical land use;
  • industrial activity;
  • applicable environmental criteria;
  • sample depth;
  • sampling location;
  • soil type;
  • intended land use.

The correct question is not simply:

Was something detected?

It is:

How does the measured concentration compare with the criteria and site context relevant to this investigation?

Site History Should Drive the Test Panel

One of the most common mistakes in environmental soil testing is ordering a broad panel without first considering likely sources.

A better approach is:

site history → suspected contaminants → appropriate sampling → analytical testing → interpretation

Examples:

Former Fuel Storage Area

Potential focus:

  • petroleum hydrocarbons;
  • related soil chemistry;
  • groundwater where relevant.

Industrial Processing Area

Potential focus:

  • hydrocarbons;
  • metals;
  • glycols or other process-related compounds where applicable;
  • related environmental water.

Historical Waste or Fill Area

Potential focus:

  • metals;
  • hydrocarbons;
  • soil chemistry;
  • other site-specific parameters.

The appropriate analytical program should reflect the site's actual history.

Soil Sampling for Contaminated Site Investigations

Sampling design is critical because contamination is often unevenly distributed.

A single sample from the wrong location may miss the area of concern.

Important considerations include:

  • suspected source location;
  • sample depth;
  • horizontal site coverage;
  • vertical profile;
  • soil type;
  • visual or odour observations where relevant;
  • clean sampling equipment;
  • correct containers;
  • sample preservation and transport.

PBR’s decision framework emphasizes representative sampling and correct sample handling when results support environmental decisions.

Ask PBR about sample requirements before collecting contaminated soil samples.

Grab Samples vs Composite Samples

Grab Samples

A grab sample represents one specific location or depth.

This can be useful when the goal is to investigate localized contamination.

Composite Samples

A composite combines material from multiple locations.

This may provide an average representation, but it can also dilute localized contamination.

For contaminated-site investigations, composite sampling should therefore be used carefully and only where it aligns with the project objective.

Environmental Soil Testing & Groundwater

Some contaminants can migrate from soil into groundwater depending on:

  • chemical properties;
  • site geology;
  • depth;
  • water table;
  • soil permeability;
  • contamination history.

Where groundwater impact is plausible, soil data may need to be considered alongside groundwater or environmental water testing.

Related Service: Environmental Water Testing →

Environmental Soil Testing for Site Assessment

Environmental consultants may use laboratory soil data to support:

  • site characterization;
  • environmental site assessment;
  • source investigation;
  • contamination delineation;
  • remediation planning;
  • reclamation;
  • environmental monitoring.

The laboratory analysis should align with the consultant’s project objectives and sampling plan.

Industry / Application Page: Environmental Consultants & Site Assessment →

Soil Testing for Oil, Gas & Industrial Sites

Industrial sites may require environmental soil testing where operational history, spills, process chemicals or storage areas create possible soil impacts.

Potential analytical areas include:

  • petroleum hydrocarbons;
  • metals;
  • soil chemistry;
  • glycols or alcohols where applicable;
  • environmental microbiology;
  • groundwater.

Industry / Application Page: Oil, Gas & Industrial Sites →

Soil Testing for Land Development & Construction

Historical land use can create environmental concerns before redevelopment.

Testing may help investigate:

  • former industrial use;
  • historical fuel storage;
  • fill material;
  • contaminated soil;
  • other site-specific environmental concerns.

PBR’s soil services should be positioned as environmental and analytical soil testing, not geotechnical engineering testing.

Industry / Application Page: Land Development & Construction →

Soil Testing for Remediation & Reclamation

Laboratory testing can support different stages of remediation and reclamation.

A typical workflow may be:

Initial site characterization

Contaminant identification

Delineation

Remediation or reclamation work

Follow-up sampling

Review of analytical results

Depending on the project, relevant testing may include:

  • hydrocarbons;
  • metals;
  • soil chemistry;
  • environmental microbiology.

Industry / Application Page: Remediation & Reclamation Projects →

Common Mistakes in Environmental Soil Testing

  • Testing Without Reviewing Site History
    This may lead to irrelevant testing or missed contaminants.
  • Too Few Samples
    A small number of samples may not adequately characterize a large or variable site.
  • Ignoring Sample Depth
    Contamination can vary substantially with depth.
  • Overusing Composite Samples
    Compositing can mask localized contamination.
  • Interpreting Detection as Automatic Failure
    Results must be compared against the correct criteria and project context.
  • Ignoring Other Environmental Media
    Some investigations may need groundwater or surface water data in addition to soil results.

Who Needs Environmental Soil Testing?

  • Environmental Consultants
    For site investigations, remediation, monitoring and reclamation.
  • Oil & Gas Companies
    For suspected releases, historical site investigations and remediation programs.
  • Industrial Facilities
    For soil assessment around process areas, storage locations and operational sites.
  • Land Developers
    For environmental investigation of properties with potentially relevant historical use.
  • Municipalities
    For environmental site management and public-sector projects.
  • Remediation & Reclamation Contractors
    For characterization and follow-up analytical testing.

Environmental Soil Testing in Alberta, Western Canada & Canada

Alberta

PBR supports environmental consultants, industrial facilities, remediation teams and land-development projects throughout Alberta with analytical soil testing and direct communication about sampling and test selection.

Western Canada

PBR supports contaminated-site and environmental soil investigations across Western Canada where projects require soil chemistry, hydrocarbon, metals or microbiological data.

Canada

PBR provides analytical soil testing support for environmental investigations across Canada.

The objective is to help clients connect:

site history → sampling → analytical result → environmental decision

rather than simply receive a laboratory number.

Frequently Asked Questions

What is environmental soil contamination testing?

Environmental soil testing measures selected contaminants and soil characteristics where current or historical activities may have affected site conditions.

What contaminants can PBR test for in soil?

PBR’s documented soil capabilities include petroleum hydrocarbon-related analysis, metals, soil chemistry and selected environmental microbiological testing. Specific parameters should be selected according to the site history and project objective.

Can PBR test soil after a fuel or oil spill?

Yes. Petroleum hydrocarbon testing can support investigation of soil potentially affected by fuel or oil releases.

Can PBR test soil for metals?

Yes. Metals testing is available for applicable soil matrices. The required element list should be based on the project and site history.

How do I know what contaminants to test for?

Start with the site's historical and current uses, known or suspected releases, process chemicals and project objectives. This information helps determine which analytical parameters are relevant.

Does one clean soil sample prove the site is uncontaminated?

No. A result applies to the submitted sample and sampling location. Whether it represents the larger site depends on the investigation and sampling design.

Should contaminated soil samples be composited?

It depends on the investigation. Compositing may provide an average, but it can also dilute localized contamination. The sampling design should match the decision the data needs to support.

Should groundwater also be tested?

Potentially. If site conditions or contaminant characteristics suggest migration to groundwater, soil and groundwater results may need to be evaluated together.

Does PBR provide environmental soil testing outside Alberta?

Yes. PBR supports clients throughout Alberta, Western Canada and Canada.

Need Environmental Soil Testing for a Site Investigation?

Tell PBR:

  • What is the site history?
  • What contamination is suspected?
  • Where and at what depth will samples be collected?
  • What criteria will be used to evaluate the results?
  • Could groundwater or another environmental medium also be affected?
  • What project decision will the laboratory data support?

PBR can discuss available soil testing and sample requirements before submission.