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Petroleum hydrocarbon testing helps environmental consultants, industrial facilities, remediation teams and property owners evaluate soil potentially affected by fuels, oils and other petroleum-related releases.

PBR Laboratories provides hydrocarbon soil testing support from Edmonton for projects throughout Alberta, Western Canada and Canada.

PBR's current soil service information documents petroleum hydrocarbon testing among its soil chemistry capabilities, including total petroleum hydrocarbons C6+ for applicable soil matrices.

The right testing program depends on the suspected source, site history, sample location, depth, soil conditions and decision the results need to support.

What Is Petroleum Hydrocarbon Soil Testing?

Petroleum hydrocarbon soil testing measures selected hydrocarbon-related compounds or fractions in a submitted soil sample.

Testing may support questions such as:

  • Was soil affected by a fuel or oil release?
  • Are petroleum hydrocarbons present at the sampled location?
  • Are concentrations elevated against the project criteria?
  • Is the contamination localized or more widespread?
  • Does additional horizontal or vertical sampling need to be completed?
  • Could groundwater also be affected?
  • Is follow-up testing needed after remediation?

A laboratory result applies to the submitted sample and should be interpreted in the context of the broader site investigation.

When Should Soil Be Tested for Petroleum Hydrocarbons?

After a Fuel or Oil Spill

Testing can help characterize soil potentially affected by accidental releases.

Around Fuel Storage Areas

Historical or current tanks, loading areas and transfer locations can create reasons to investigate soil.

At Industrial or Energy Sites

Operations involving petroleum products may require soil characterization where releases or historical impacts are suspected.

During Environmental Site Assessment

Site history may indicate that hydrocarbon testing should be included in the analytical program.

Before or During Remediation

Results can support contaminant characterization and help determine where additional investigation is needed.

After Remediation

Follow-up testing may help determine how measured concentrations have changed after remedial work.

What Does PBR Test for in Petroleum-Impacted Soil?

PBR's existing soil chemistry service identifies Total Petroleum Hydrocarbons C6+ among its documented capabilities.

The exact analytical panel should be selected according to:

  • suspected petroleum source;
  • project requirements;
  • applicable criteria;
  • matrix;
  • expected concentration range.

Where a project requires more specific hydrocarbon fractions or related compounds, the required method and current scope should be confirmed with PBR before sample submission.

This is preferable to assuming that one hydrocarbon test answers every petroleum-contamination question.

What Are Total Petroleum Hydrocarbons?

Total petroleum hydrocarbons is a broad analytical term used to describe petroleum-derived hydrocarbon mixtures measured under a defined analytical method.

The result is useful only when it is interpreted with the method, reporting range and project criteria in mind.

Does a total petroleum hydrocarbon result identify the exact petroleum product?

Not necessarily.

A measured hydrocarbon concentration may show that petroleum-related material is present in the sample, but identifying a specific source can require additional site history, analytical information or other lines of evidence.

What Does an Elevated Petroleum Hydrocarbon Result Mean?

An elevated result means the laboratory measured a hydrocarbon concentration above the comparison value or criterion being used for the project.

It does not automatically tell you:

  • where the release originated;
  • whether the entire site is affected;
  • how far contamination extends;
  • how deep the impact goes;
  • whether groundwater is affected;
  • whether remediation is required.

The next step should consider:

result → sample location → site history → applicable criteria → distribution → project objective

Does One Clean Soil Sample Prove the Site Is Unaffected?

No.

A clean result applies to the submitted sample and the location or depth it represents.

Hydrocarbon contamination can be unevenly distributed because of:

  • spill pathways;
  • subsurface movement;
  • soil permeability;
  • historical filling;
  • excavation;
  • site grading;
  • source location.

A single clean sample does not establish that every part of a site is free of petroleum impacts.

Soil Sampling for Petroleum Hydrocarbons

Sampling design is one of the most important parts of a petroleum hydrocarbon investigation.

The sampling plan may need to consider:

  • suspected source area;
  • spill pathway;
  • sample depth;
  • horizontal coverage;
  • vertical coverage;
  • soil type;
  • groundwater depth;
  • visible or odour observations where relevant;
  • previous analytical results.

PBR's decision framework emphasizes representative sampling and correct sample handling when laboratory results are used for environmental decisions.

Ask PBR about sample containers, quantity and handling requirements before sampling.

Grab Samples vs Composite Samples for Hydrocarbon Testing

Grab Samples

A grab sample represents one defined location or depth.

For investigation of localized releases, this may provide more useful information than averaging multiple locations together.

Composite Samples

Composite samples combine material from several locations.

They can be useful for some objectives, but they may also dilute localized hydrocarbon contamination.

For contaminated-site work, compositing should therefore be based on the investigation objective rather than used automatically.

Horizontal & Vertical Delineation

When petroleum hydrocarbons are detected, one common next question is:

How far does the impact extend?

Additional samples may be needed to evaluate:

  • Horizontal extent
    How far the contamination extends away from the suspected source.
  • Vertical extent
    How deep the contamination extends below the surface.

A laboratory result does not itself define the contamination boundary. The boundary is developed through an appropriate field-sampling and analytical program.

Petroleum Hydrocarbons & Soil Chemistry

Soil chemistry can affect how petroleum impacts are investigated and interpreted.

Depending on the project, related parameters may include:

  • pH;
  • electrical conductivity;
  • organic carbon;
  • other site-specific chemistry.

Soil chemistry and hydrocarbon testing answer different questions but may provide complementary information.

Related Service: Soil Chemistry Testing →

Petroleum Hydrocarbons & Soil Microbiology

Microorganisms can be relevant where biological degradation or bioremediation is part of the site investigation.

PBR's environmental microbiology capabilities include hydrocarbon-utilizing bacteria for applicable matrices.

What does finding hydrocarbon-utilizing bacteria mean?

It can provide information about the presence of culturable organisms capable of using hydrocarbons under the applicable laboratory conditions.

It does not by itself prove that hydrocarbons are being degraded at an adequate rate in the field.

Chemical hydrocarbon measurements remain important for evaluating contaminant concentrations.

Related Service: Soil Microbiology Testing →

Petroleum Hydrocarbons & Groundwater

Depending on the site, petroleum-related impacts may involve more than soil.

Potential migration can depend on:

  • hydrocarbon properties;
  • soil permeability;
  • depth of release;
  • groundwater elevation;
  • site geology.

Where groundwater impact is plausible, soil and groundwater data may need to be considered together.

Related Service: Environmental Water Testing →

Testing During Remediation

Hydrocarbon testing can support different stages of a remediation project.

A typical analytical workflow may look like:

Initial characterization

Identify affected areas

Define extent

Remediation activity

Follow-up sampling

Compare analytical results

Testing can provide evidence about changes in measured concentrations over time.

PBR should not claim that one laboratory result alone proves remediation success across an entire site.

What Happens if Hydrocarbon Results Stay Elevated After Remediation?

An elevated follow-up result may require review of:

  • sample location;
  • remediation coverage;
  • depth;
  • residual source material;
  • soil heterogeneity;
  • contaminant distribution;
  • previous results;
  • potential recontamination;
  • sampling design.

The next step may involve additional delineation or investigation rather than simply repeating the same sample.

Common Mistakes in Petroleum Hydrocarbon Soil Testing

  • Testing Without Understanding the Suspected Source
    Fuel type, site history and operational context can influence the analytical approach.
  • Sampling Only the Surface
    Subsurface contamination may not be represented by shallow samples.
  • Too Few Samples
    Localized releases can be missed when site coverage is poor.
  • Using Composite Samples Without a Defined Purpose
    Compositing can mask localized contamination.
  • Treating One Clean Result as Proof the Site Is Clean
    A result applies only to the submitted sample.
  • Ignoring Groundwater
    Where migration is plausible, groundwater may also need consideration.
  • Retesting Without Changing the Investigation
    Repeating the same approach may not answer why results remain elevated.

Who Needs Petroleum Hydrocarbon Soil Testing?

  • Environmental Consultants
    For contaminated-site assessment, delineation, remediation and monitoring.
  • Oil & Gas Companies
    For historical or current site investigations involving petroleum products.
  • Industrial Facilities
    For suspected spills, storage areas, process sites and environmental monitoring.
  • Remediation & Reclamation Teams
    For initial characterization and follow-up analytical testing.
  • Land Developers
    Where historical site use may include petroleum storage or industrial activity.
  • Municipalities & Public-Sector Projects
    For environmental investigation of properties, infrastructure or former operational sites.

Petroleum Hydrocarbon Soil Testing in Edmonton & Alberta

PBR Laboratories provides petroleum hydrocarbon soil testing support from Edmonton for environmental and industrial projects throughout Alberta.

Alberta's energy, industrial and remediation sectors create frequent needs for analytical soil data where petroleum impacts are suspected.

PBR can discuss:

  • soil matrix;
  • suspected petroleum source;
  • sample requirements;
  • related chemistry;
  • environmental microbiology;
  • groundwater considerations;
  • project objectives.

Petroleum Hydrocarbon Soil Testing Across Western Canada

PBR supports environmental consultants, industrial facilities and remediation teams throughout Western Canada requiring hydrocarbon soil testing and related environmental laboratory services.

Testing should be selected around the site history and decision rather than using a generic panel for every location.

Petroleum Hydrocarbon Soil Testing Across Canada

PBR supports Canadian projects requiring applicable petroleum hydrocarbon testing in soil.

The decision-first workflow is:

suspected source → targeted sampling → analytical result → comparison with project criteria → delineation or remediation decision → follow-up

That aligns with PBR's positioning as a laboratory that helps clients understand analytical results in the context of the next project decision.

Frequently Asked Questions

What is petroleum hydrocarbon soil testing?

Petroleum hydrocarbon testing measures selected petroleum-related hydrocarbon concentrations in a submitted soil sample under a defined analytical method.

Can PBR test soil for petroleum hydrocarbons?

PBR's current soil service information documents petroleum hydrocarbon analysis, including total petroleum hydrocarbons C6+ for applicable soil matrices.

What does an elevated petroleum hydrocarbon result mean?

It means the measured concentration exceeds the comparison value being used for the project. Further investigation may be required to understand source, extent and environmental significance.

Does one clean soil sample prove there is no petroleum contamination?

No. A result applies to the submitted sample and location. Site-wide conclusions depend on the sampling design and investigation coverage.

Should petroleum-contaminated soil samples be composited?

Not automatically. Composite samples can dilute localized contamination. Sampling should reflect the project objective.

How do you determine how far hydrocarbon contamination extends?

Additional samples are typically used to evaluate horizontal and vertical distribution. Laboratory testing provides the analytical values; site delineation depends on the broader investigation.

Can PBR test for hydrocarbon-utilizing bacteria?

PBR's documented environmental microbiology capabilities include hydrocarbon-utilizing bacteria for applicable matrices.

Should groundwater be tested when petroleum hydrocarbons are found in soil?

Potentially. If site conditions suggest migration to groundwater is plausible, soil and groundwater results may need to be evaluated together.

What should I do if hydrocarbon levels remain high after remediation?

Review the sampling locations, remediation coverage, contaminant distribution and previous results before deciding whether additional delineation or follow-up testing is needed.

Does PBR provide petroleum hydrocarbon soil testing outside Alberta?

Yes. PBR supports projects throughout Alberta, Western Canada and Canada.

Need Petroleum Hydrocarbon Testing for Soil?

Tell PBR:

  • What happened at the site?
  • What petroleum product or source is suspected?
  • Where and at what depth will samples be collected?
  • What analytical criteria apply?
  • Is groundwater impact possible?
  • Is the project in characterization, remediation or follow-up monitoring?

PBR can discuss available hydrocarbon testing and sample requirements before submission.